The comprehensive testing and certification of lithium-ion batteries is now standard. The main focus here is on ensuring safety and compliance with standards for global transport.
Lithium-ion batteries are at the heart of many technologies today. From smartphones and laptops to electric vehicles and large energy storage systems. However, there is an increased risk of thermal runaway, especially when transporting these powerful batteries. In the worst case scenario, this can lead to fires or explosions.
To minimise such risks and ensure safe transport, the UN has introduced the UN 38.3 standard. This internationally recognised test specification defines comprehensive tests that batteries and rechargeable batteries must undergo before they can be transported by air, land or sea. The test procedure is divided into eight key test steps (T1 to T8), which simulate all potential stresses to which batteries could be exposed during transport.
The eight UN 38.3 tests in detail
Our laboratories offer you the complete implementation of all UN 38.3 test steps and ensure that your batteries fulfil the highest safety standards.
The altitude simulation (Test T1) tests how the battery behaves at high altitudes to ensure that its functionality remains stable at low air pressure. The battery is monitored in a test environment with reduced pressure, as prevails at altitudes between 4,500 and 7,500 metres, for a set period of time. This makes it possible to determine whether the battery is suitable for air transport and can withstand the reduced air pressure without losing performance or posing safety risks.
Extreme temperature conditions can have a significant impact on the stability of batteries. The thermal test (test T2) exposes the battery to alternating high and low temperatures - usually between -40°C and +70°C. These temperature cycles simulate conditions that can occur during transport. The test assesses whether the battery retains its integrity and functionality even under extreme temperature changes. Only batteries that prove to be thermally resistant pass this test and are considered safe for transport.
During transport, batteries are often exposed to strong vibrations, especially on the road or in air freight transport. The vibration test (Test T3) assesses whether the battery can withstand such vibrations without showing any structural or functional impairment. For this purpose, the battery is tested in a defined frequency spectrum to check whether it can withstand the mechanical stresses of transport without any problems.
During transport, batteries can be exposed to unforeseen shocks that could jeopardise their safety and functionality. The shock test (Test T4) simulates such extreme impacts to determine whether the battery retains its structural integrity and remains reliable. This is particularly important for batteries used in sensitive applications.
An external short circuit can lead to significant safety problems, especially with high-performance batteries. In the external short circuit test (Test T5), the battery is subjected to a controlled short circuit and its behaviour is monitored. This tests whether the battery has sufficient safety mechanisms to prevent overheating or ignition - an essential safety measure in the transport industry.
Lithium-ion batteries can be accidentally dropped or subjected to impacts. The impact test (Test T6) tests the resistance of the battery under controlled impact conditions, such as simulated drops or crushes. The battery is tested from different angles to ensure that it remains stable and does not leak or ignite. This makes an important contribution to transport safety.
In high-performance applications or during the charging process, batteries can be exposed to unexpectedly high currents. The overcharge test (test T7) simulates these conditions by deliberately overcharging the battery. During this process, the battery is monitored to ensure that it does not ignite or become damaged. Only batteries that pass this test are considered safe and resistant to improper handling.
A forced discharge (test T8) evaluates the battery under conditions of maximum discharge to determine how it behaves when completely discharged. The battery is connected to a specific load and discharged until no more energy potential is available. The test checks that the battery remains safe and that there is no risk of overheating or rupture.
Results reports and certificates: Proof of UN 38.3 conformity
Once the tests have been completed, you will receive a comprehensive test report from us that documents all test results in detail. Measured values and observations are listed for each test, proving that the battery fulfils the requirements of UN 38.3. On request, we can also issue a certificate confirming the successful conformity of your product. This certificate can serve as proof to freight companies or supervisory authorities and simplifies the international shipping of your batteries.
Secure your supply chains with certified batteries
Our experienced team will support you in planning and carrying out the UN 38.3 tests. So that you are legally compliant, can transport efficiently and ultimately guarantee the longevity of your applications.
B30 is a battery manufacturer specialising in individual small series. We stand for the development, optimisation and production of battery and rechargeable battery technology.
